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Journal of Innovation in Science, Engineering and Technology

Abstract

Earthquakes happen all around the world and they have now become a common threat to the mankind. Sri Lanka is also becoming more vulnerable to earthquakes due to recent geological changes. The aim of this study was to present modern methods of constructing earthquake resilient structures in the world and to study the most suitable solutions for Sri Lanka. Earthquake dampers reduce the vibrations and motions of a building during earthquakes. There are many types of earthquake dampers. Base-isolator is where the base is isolated from the building in the time of an earthquake reducing the motion of the building. Viscous dampers act as shock absorbers in the event of an earthquake, reducing the motion of the building. Friction dampers act like brakes due to its friction and reduce the motion of the building. Tuned mass dampers use the concept of inertia to keep the structure still by exerting an equal and opposite motion to the motion of the building. Core – wall method attempts to keep the centre of gravity in the centre of the building. There are many other innovative methods like the levitating foundation which creates a cushion of air between the building and the foundation at the time of an earthquake, seismic invisibility cloak which aims to make the building invisible to seismic waves, smart materials that have a larger elastic range, biomaterials that base their concepts on biological features of some creatures and cardboard tubes which presents a more affordable seismic damping solution. Considering the local conditions, the most suitable methods were studied and the following were concluded. For low and high rise buildings - friction dampers, for hospitals - base isolation, for bridges - viscous dampers, for stadiums and power distribution lines - tuned mass dampers and for towers - core wall method can be proposed.

Pages

7-13

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